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[虚拟币交流]
以太坊 2026 年转型：为什么基于证明的验证对节点至关重要（转）
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2月11日，以太坊（ETH）开发者和研究人员将齐聚一堂，参加首届L1-zkEVM研讨会。此次活动或将预示着未来以太坊区块验证将变得更快、更轻量、更便捷。) b0 Y- g; A2 N h+ h
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路线图：L1-zkEVM 和 EIP-8025
+ S" F- Q4 y' T. \这项计划属于以太坊 2026 年 L1-zkEVM 路线图的一部分。其核心特性 EIP-8025（也称为可选执行证明）引入了一种新的验证途径。- f- q. ]4 W6 n! ^, W P
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与其要求每个验证者重新运行（或“重新执行”）区块内的所有交易，系统将允许被称为 zkAttester 的专门参与者使用零知识 (ZK) 证明来验证区块。. ?6 H2 h- E; X1 J' {: o
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重要的是，此次升级是可选的。未进行升级的节点将继续按现有方式运行。% t" s! a$ P, v
! f; W5 \8 A7 \9 p/ f; k这为什么重要？
8 N9 T2 Y. u* h4 y6 W现在，以太坊为了确认交易的正确性，验证者必须重新执行每个区块中的每笔交易。随着网络活动的增长，这将变得非常消耗资源。
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零知识证明改变了这种局面。验证者无需重复所有计算，只需检查一个加密证明即可确认区块的有效性。验证速度显著提升，硬件资源占用也大幅降低。' Q4 N. f9 l( Q( g2 E" ` b. y
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更低的存储、带宽和计算需求，使得在消费级笔记本电脑上运行完全验证节点再次成为可能。
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如果参与成本降低、参与门槛降低，即使 gas 限制和产量增加，个人质押者和家庭验证者也能保持竞争力。
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8 M0 Q+ T+ Y# C6 P3 F: r8 Y安全、架构和全局
" ?2 F# i% {/ g; u8 h7 d根据 EIP-8025，区块只有在多个独立证明（目前提议为五个证明中至少三个）得到验证后才会被接受。这既保证了客户端的多样性，又降低了对单一实现的依赖。
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# {0 C: {6 I/ n; g% @声明内容如下：
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4 h' [! J! P$ o, M5 n( |- X这项工作分为六个子主题：执行见证和客户程序标准化、zkVM-guest API 标准化、CL 集成、证明器基础设施、基准测试和指标以及使用形式化验证的安全性。
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除了 L1 层之外，此举还有助于规范执行见证人和 zkVM 接口。这将使已经致力于以太坊区块证明的 Rollup 和证明基础设施提供商受益。
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, r Y0 a& H- G1 b2 s& {最后想说的话+ [9 E* ?( F7 A9 i- m
EIP-8025 可以让以太坊区块验证速度更快、重量更轻，从而能够再次在笔记本电脑上运行。
# I& w- i5 Q4 c& t' i以太坊将在扩展其基础层的同时，有效提升安全性。3 z2 A1 D6 t: h: @0 v
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这都是什么事？非常专业的我不懂啊 |
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