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以太坊合并 比特币矿工该何去何从?3个发展趋势
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【我是Stary小谢,了解更多请关注我。】
比特币矿是一个动态变化的行业,其规模和运营知识都在增长。以下是我们今天看到的三个最大趋势。
趋势一:可再生能源
这可能是当今关于比特币矿的最大热门话题:能源使用。采矿设备以电力为动力,大规模采矿作业一次运行数千名矿工。关于采矿使用多少能源——每年高达110 太瓦时,相当于一个小国的能源产量,已经写了很多文章。但讨论的关键主题应该是采矿作业使用什么样的能源。
我们今天在比特币矿中看到的主要趋势之一是转向更多可再生能源而不是碳基能源。像煤炭这样的脏资源更便宜的想法是不正确的,因为90% 的水电、75% 的风能和 40% 的太阳能仍然比最便宜的化石燃料选择便宜。这些电源接管采矿市场将是自然的发展。从长远来看,增加可再生能源的利用对行业和工厂都是有益的,这就是为什么在短期内,即使盈利能力非常高,矿工也应该积极考虑他们的电源。
好消息是,比特币矿业务已经开始转向更多的可再生资源。比特币矿业委员会估计,在全球范围内,比特币踩矿业的可持续电力组合为 58.4%,比 2021 年增加了 59%。他们说这个百分比使其成为“全球最具可持续性的行业之一”。
当然,要确保比特币矿有一个可持续的未来,还有很多工作要做,但数据表明它已经朝着正确的方向发展。
趋势二:浸没式冷却
想象一个房间里挤满了成千上万的矿工,他们都在以最大的速度运行——想象他们产生了多少热量。踩矿作业一直需要方法来保持其数据中心的凉爽,而一个新兴趋势是使用浸没式冷却来做到这一点。
浸入式冷却包括将矿工置于油状液体浴中,然后通过冷却塔循环以排出热量。这种方法可确保有价值的采矿设备不与外部空气接触,因为灰尘或湿气会降低硬件性能。
考虑到现在矿机价格非常高,将有限的矿硬件超频到最大以挤出任何性能容量更具成本效益。最好的方法是将矿机浸入水中,因为浸入液体的冷却能力远高于空气。还发现浸入式冷却可将运营费用降低多达 33%。
当然,与更传统的空气冷却设置相比,浸入式设置需要更多的专业知识来构建和操作。尽管如此,我们还是看到越来越多的公司依靠沉浸式进行扩建,并且该行业正在迅速增长。
趋势三:芯片短缺
当今,芯片短缺正在全球范围内造成巨大的供需危机。半导体芯片的需求自 2019 年以来增长了 17%,用于汽车、手机和平板电脑、家庭保健设备、人工智能等以及采矿设备。然而,尽管半导体制造商以90% 的产能生产,但供应并未增加以满足需求。
一旦生产出一批新的芯片,它们将被分发给最需要它们的公司——或者在市场上具有最大吸引力的公司,这些公司通常不是矿业制造商。某些需求旺盛的芯片可能会让公司等待长达一年的时间才能获得供应。
对踩矿作业有何影响?这意味着现在不能做出短期决定。由于矿机厂商积压,无法及时完成订单,矿企必须通过对矿生态系统的实体建模,提前一年左右进行运营规划,提前下单,等待完成。
美国商务部得出的结论是,“全面的主要瓶颈似乎是晶圆产能,这需要一个更长期的解决方案。” |
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