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Messari：OpenSea主导下 Uniswap收购Genie将如何「破局」？
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原文作者：Kunal Goel，Messari 分析师 
OpenSea 继续主导着 NFT 市场格局。其去中心化竞争对手 X2Y2 和 LooksRare 虽然会激励 NFT 交易并获得了一定的成交额市场份额，但并没有获得显著的用户量和成交量份额。 Uniswap 收购了 NFT 市场聚合器 Genie，这可能会给挑战者们最大的机会来挑战王者。 即使在调整了市值差异之后，其他替代性 NFT 市场的基本面也不会给人留下深刻印象。
OpenSea在整个 2021 年维持了 NFT 交易市场的主导地位，占 80% 的市场份额。其近乎垄断的地位使其能够建立强大的品牌，保持中心化的所有权，并收取高 2.5% 的交易费用。 然而，最近出现了一些挑战 OpenSea 主导地位的替代方案。其中最主要的是于 2022 年第一季度推出的X2Y2和LooksRare。它们是否有效地获得了市场份额？如今随着 NFT 的狂热情绪已经消退，它们的原生代币是否提供了一个令人信服的投资机会？ 挑战者出现 X2Y2 和 LooksRare 已经将自己标榜为去中心化的、由社区所有的 OpenSea 替代品。 这两个平台于 2022 年第一季度推出了社区空投，自那以来一直试图激励用户参与，以挑战 OpenSea 的主导地位。 二者的交易费用低于 OpenSea。OpenSea 收取每笔交易的2.5%，而 X2Y2 和 LooksRare 分别收取0.5%和2%。 它们对用户进行的每笔交易都会奖励其原生代币 (分别是 X2Y2 和 LOOKS)。 它们会补贴 Gas 费用，并对在它们平台上架 NFT 进行奖励。 平台搜集的所有费用收入都与代币质押者共享。
好的，坏的，丑陋的 这些替代性 NFT 平台已经通过这些举措获得了一些成功。OpenSea 在过去 30 天的平均每日成交额市场份额为47%，而 X2Y2 和 LooksRare 的成交额份额分别为40%和13%。 
上图：OpenSea 每日成交额市场份额已经跌至 50% 以下 然而，这些替代性 NFT 平台的成交量和用户量份额远低于它们的成交额份额所暗示的。这些替代性平台提供的激励最终使清洗交易者 (wash traders)受益，从而导致了这种差异。当交易费用低于交易激励时，清洗交易就是有利可图的。这些清洗交易通常价值很高，由少数套利者进行，从而使得X2Y2 和 LooksRare 的成交额市场份额较高。因此，OpenSea 在过去 30 天的每日用户量和成交量的市场份额都要更高，都是92%。如下图所示： 
上图：OpenSea 的每日成交量和用户量份额依然超过 90% OpenSea 的巨大成功似乎来自强大的品牌护城河，从谷歌搜索趋势可以看出。“OpenSea”是一个比“LooksRare”或“X2Y2”更受欢迎的搜索词。到目前为止，这些替代性平台还没有找到一种方法来挑战 OpenSea 的品牌，即使它们有激励机制和较低的成本。 
上图：OpenSea的品牌吸引力使其成为热门搜索词 |
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